Japan’s International Relations at the Crossroads
Wars, Globalization and Japanese Theorizings in the Extended Twentieth Century
Summary
Excerpt
Table Of Contents
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Part I Politics of Wars Before 1945
- 1 Japan’s International Relations: A Brief History
- 2 Awed, Inspired, and Disillusioned: Japanese Scholarship on American Politics
- 3 World Order Debates in the Twentieth Century: Through the Eyes of the Two-Level Game and the Second Image (Reversed)
- 4 Peering into the Future by Looking Back: The Westphalian, Philadelphian, and Anti-Utopian Paradigms
- Part II Politics of Globalization After 1945
- 5 Four Japanese Scenarios for the Future
- 6 Japanese Ideas of Asian Regionalism
- 7 A Call for a New Japanese Foreign Policy: The Dilemmas of a Stakeholder State
- 8 Japanese Foreign Policy as an “Asian” Country
- Part III International Relations Theorizings
- 9 The Study of International Relations in Japan: Toward a More International Discipline
- 10 Are There Any Theories of International Relations in Japan?
- 11 It’s Global, Stupid！Toward Theorizing of Global Politics
- Index
Tables
Table 2.1Major Japanese works on American Politics
Table 4.1Outline of Westphalian, Philadelphian, and Anti-Utopian Legacies
Table 4.2Directions of change in terms of three key variables
Table 6.1Six bureaucratically centered models of regional order
Table 8.1Poll of Japanese relations with selected countries
Table 9.1Major journals and metatheoretical orientation: Japan and United States
Acknowledgments
For nearly half a century residing in this profession, my debts keep accumulating, to which I know no better way to express my heartfelt gratitude in a chronological fashion. As a country boy, my humble dream during my Niigata days was to go to Tokyo, then very distant, taking a ten-hour train ride across the mountains literally blocking Niigata, my home place from the outside world. In Tokyo, at the University of Tokyo, I learned a lot to please my expectation as a country boy, ranging from humanities and social sciences, plus a number of foreign languages. Retrospectively, a lot of classics in history and philosophy, social sciences, and some methodology exposures such as survey research, content analysis, statistics, and exposure to a few foreign languages—English, German, Russian, Chinese, and French. Worldwide university unrests affected me and led me to study outside Japan. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology offered me a full scholarship toward a PhD. Whereas further extending and consolidating my expertise and skills were sharpened, I delved into East Asian history, completing a 628-page-long dissertation entitled “Wars as International Learning: Qing China, Victorian England and Modern Japan.” That was nominated as the best dissertation of the year by the University Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Having come back to Japan, I was at first bewildered by the complexity of Japanese academic communities and changed publication ←xi | xii→modes, which meant the language used became predominantly Japanese. This brought about my new expertise in Japanese politics and Japan’s international relations. That was the time of new Japanese politics, with politicians gradually liberalizing themselves as “policy-led tribes parliamentarians.” That was also the time of Japan as Number One (Ezra Vogel, 1983), and commentaries on Japan’s foreign policy directions were sought after. That brought me briefly to the world of mass media, like the CNN, The Economist, and The New York Times, in the fourth quarter of the last century. Two projects, Japan’s Political Economy project led by Yasusuke Murakami and United States Social Science Research Council-sponsored project of US democracy promotion, brought me back to the international academic community: Takashi Inoguchi and Daniel Okimoto, eds. (1988) The Political Economy of Japan: The Changing International Context, Palo Alto, Stanford: Stanford University Press and Michael Cox, G. John Ikenberry and Takashi Inoguchi, eds. (2000) American Democracy Promotion: Impulses, Strategies and Impacts, Oxford: Oxford University Press. On the former, the late Yasusuke Murakami and the late Seizaburo Sato were a driving force, to whom my debt remains immense. On the latter, Peter Katzenstein and Bruce Russett along with its coeditors cannot be more generous in extending helping hands and getting this done. No less important to me were academic journals some of which invited me to editorial boards: International Organization, the late Harold Jacobson, Robert Keohane, Stephen Krasner, and Peter Katzenstein are singled out for their combination of vigor, rigor, and generosity as a super-fellow academic; Journal of Japanese Studies, Susan Hanley and the late Kozo Yamamura are like aneki (senior sister) and aniki (senior brother) teaching and caring about the editor’s style and substance.
Reviewing submitted manuscripts is a pleasure in two senses to me: one can get to know wide-ranging subject matters and knowledge frontiers and to learn how some key criteria are balanced in recommendation. Having started three journals, of which I am editor-in-chief, my debts to those who invited me to the board of International Organization and Journal of Japanese Studies cannot be more emphasized. Those journals founded by myself as editor-in-chief are: Japanese Journal of Political Science (Cambridge University Press), International Relations of the Asia-Pacific (Oxford University Press), and Asian Journal of Comparative Politics (Sage Publications).
More recently, I have been doing the job of editor-in-chief for Asia Today (Palgrave Macmillan), Trust in Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Springer), and Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies (Springer). The joy of editing book manuscripts is of something: Asia Today’s Farideh Koohi-Kamali, ←xii | xiii→Trust in Interdisciplinary Perspectives’ Chino Hasebe and now Leana Li, and Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies’ Juno Kawakami are all my heroines.
Not to be forgotten is the project on the Dialectic of World Order, together with the late Hayward R. Alker, the late Tahir Amin, and Ijaz Gilani. The 40-year-long project will hopefully bear fruit, led by Thomas Biersteker. Some of my peers, like the late Russell Hardin, the late David Held, Michael Leigh, and Karel Kovanda, and mentors, like the late Lucian Pye, the late Ithiel de Sola Pool, and Nazli Choucri at M.I.T., deserve special mention here.
At Peter Lang publishing, Farideh Koohi-Kamali, executive vice-president, played a decisive role in publishing two books, one on Japan’s International Relations and the other on Japanese Politics. At J.F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, the late Toyoshi Sato gave me an ideal environment to pursue my intellectual curiosity. Mr. Masayuki Yamagishi facilitated to arrange my work space at the university, and Masae Toyoizumi and Cai Yi miraculously carried out the beautiful reconfiguration of a bundle of my articles and book chapters with precision and grace.
I am most grateful for permission granted by the following publishers and journals:
Chapter 1: Takashi Inoguchi, “Japan’s International Relations: A Brief History,” in Takashi Inoguchi, ed., Kokusai kankei Readings (Readings in International Relations), Tokyo: Toyo shorin, 2004, pp. 1–22, by permission of Toyo shorin publishing.
Chapter 2: “Awed, Inspired, and Disillusioned: Japanese Scholarship on American Politics,” in Richard Samuels and Myron Weiner, eds., The Political Culture of Foreign Area and International Studies, 1992, Brassey’s, pp. 57–74, by permission granted by one of the coeditors, Richard Samuels.
Chapter 3: Takashi Inoguchi, “World Order Debates in the Twentieth Century: Through the Eyes of the Two-level Game and the Second Image (Reversed),” Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2010, Volume 3, Issue 2, pp. 155–188, by permission of Oxford University Press.
Chapter 4: Takashi Inoguchi, “Peering into the Future by Looking Back: The Westphalian, Philadelphian, and Anti-Utopian Paradigms,” International Studies Review, 1999, Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 173–191, by permission of Oxford University Press.
Chapter 5: Takashi Inoguchi, “Four Japanese scenarios for the future,” International Affairs, 1988, Volume 65, Issue 1, pp. 15–28, by permission of Oxford University Press.
←xiii | xiv→Chapter 6: Takashi Inoguchi, “Japanese Ideas of Asian Regionalism,” Japanese Journal of Political Science, Volume 12, Issue 2, 2011, pp. 233–249, reproduced with permission of Cambridge University Press.
Chapter 7: Takashi Inoguchi, “A Call for a New Japanese Foreign Policy: the Dilemmas of a Stakeholder State,” International Affairs, 2014, Volume 90, Issue 4, pp. 943–958, by permission of Oxford University Press.
Chapter 8: Takashi Inoguchi, “Japanese Foreign Policy as an ‘Asian’ country,” in Peng Er Lam and Purnendra Jain, eds., Japanese Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century: Continuity and Change, Washington D.C.: Lexington Books, 2020, pp. 57–72. Permission granted by Lexington Books, all rights reserved.
Chapter 9: Takashi Inoguchi, and Paul Bacon, “The Study of International Relations in Japan: Towards a More International Discipline,” International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 2001, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 1–20, by permission of Oxford University Press.
Chapter 10: Takashi. Inoguchi, “Are There Any Theories of International Relations in Japan?” International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 2007, Volume 7, Issue 3, pp. 369–390, by permission of Oxford University Press.
My long journey in rain or sun has been always accompanied by Kuniko Y. Inoguchi, an academic turned practitioner (Japan’s ambassador to the United Nations Conference on Disarmament, state minister on gender equality and social affairs, and a parliamentarian in the Japanese Diet), who has admirably raised two daughters, Ayako and Sayako. My fortunate encounter with her has been my luckiest thing and furthermore brought me two daughters and so many joys in my journey. The book is dedicated to Kuniko, Ayako, and Sayako.
Introduction
This volume is selected mostly from what I published since around the end of the Cold War and the dawn of the third millennium. There are three parts: the focus of Part I is on wars, Part II on globalization, and Part III on theorizing international relations.
In writing a book on international relations, one of the most striking statistics is the number of soldiers killed in war since World War II through the post–Cold War period. The occurrence of war has dramatically declined since 1938. The number of soldiers killed in war between 1938 and 1945 was five million per annum. The number of soldiers killed in war between 1945 and 1989 was 100,000 per annum. The number of soldiers killed in war between 1989 and 2014 was 10,000 per annum. These figures are taken from the International Institute for Strategic Studies (2019). No less striking is the number of Japanese soldiers and civilians killed in war during World War II, which totaled some three million, compared to those killed after World War II, which is almost zero.
This volume brings together my published writings since around 2000. Part I focuses on war surrounding which Japan’s international relations evolved (Inoguchi, 1979). Part II focuses on globalization or globalized political economy surrounding which Japan’s international relations evolved. Part III focuses on theorizings of international relations from various angles.
←1 | 2→Chapter 1, of Part I, provides a quick glimpse at Japan’s international relations as an academic discipline as both the history of Japan’s international relations and academic research on international relations are so much related to broader world developments. Chapter 2 was written as part of a multi-authored collection of chapters dedicated to Lucian Wilmott Pye, who made founding contributions to the study of political culture. My chapter specifically dealt with how Japanese reaction to Americans evolved: awed, inspired, and disillusioned (Inoguchi, 1992). I originally wrote chapter 3 as a political security chapter for a project on the dialectics of world order along with Hayward Rose Alker, who made thoroughly refreshing contributions to American international relations (Inoguchi, 2010). The first articulation of chapter 4 appeared in the International Studies Review (1999) and sought to integrate the three paradigms in the study of international relations: Westphalian, Philadelphian, and the Anti-Utopian paradigms.
Details
- Pages
- XIV, 270
- Year
- 2021
- ISBN (PDF)
- 9781433186936
- ISBN (ePUB)
- 9781433186943
- ISBN (MOBI)
- 9781433186950
- ISBN (Hardcover)
- 9781433186431
- DOI
- 10.3726/b18218
- Language
- English
- Publication date
- 2021 (October)
- Published
- New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Oxford, Wien, 2021. XIV, 270 pp., 7 tables.
