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Schistosomiasis Control in China

Diagnostics and Control Strategies Leading to Success

by Pauline Grys (Author)
©2016 Monographs 170 Pages
Series: Challenges in Public Health, Volume 65

Summary

Schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide and continues to be a public health concern in many countries. China made huge progress in the control of Schistosomiasis japonica, aiming at the elimination of the disease from many previously endemic areas. This book presents a scientific investigation into the practical implementation of the Chinese national control strategy at the grass root level. It focusses on availability and composition of human resources for control and on performance of sero-diagnostic tests needed for case detection and surveillance. The main message of this book is that effective control and elimination of Schistosomiasis are feasible, but high levels of support for control need to be sustained to prevent resurgence of this disease.

Table Of Contents

  • Cover
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • About the author
  • About the book
  • This eBook can be cited
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
  • Contents
  • List of Abbreviations
  • List of Tables
  • List of Figures
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Aspects of schistosomiasis
  • 1.1.1 Schistosome species
  • 1.1.2 Life cycle
  • 1.1.3 Transmission factors
  • 1.1.4 Clinical stages and symptoms
  • 1.1.5 Diagnostics
  • 1.1.6 Treatment
  • 1.1.7 Epidemiology, economic burden and control
  • 1.2 Schistosomiasis japonica in China
  • 1.2.1 Significance of schistosomiasis in China – a historical review
  • 1.2.2 Control strategies
  • 1.2.3 National criteria for control and elimination
  • 1.3 Study rationale
  • 2 Methods and materials
  • 2.1 Study setting
  • 2.2 Schistosomiasis control efforts in Wuhan – System structure
  • 2.3 Health Workforce
  • 2.4 Diagnostics
  • 2.4.1 Indirect Haemagglutination Assay
  • 2.4.2 Kato-Katz thick smear test
  • 2.4.3 Database description
  • 2.5 Ethical Considerations
  • 2.6 Study limitations
  • 3 Results
  • 3.1 Description of schistosomiasis control system in Wuhan
  • 3.1.1 Historical background
  • 3.1.2 Structure of the system
  • 3.1.2.1 Surveillance sites
  • 3.1.2.2 Institutions and control measures
  • 3.1.2.3 Surveillance and control work activities
  • 3.1.2.4 Endemic situation
  • 3.1.3 Operation of the system
  • 3.1.3.1 Surveillance
  • 3.1.3.2 Response
  • 3.1.3.3 Resources
  • 3.2 Health workforce for schistosomiasis control in Wuhan
  • 3.2.1 Availability and distribution of human resources
  • 3.2.2 Work load
  • 3.2.3 Control activities
  • 3.2.4 Community participation and community health education
  • 3.3 Schistosomiasis surveillance in Xiang Lu village
  • 3.3.1 Description of study population
  • 3.3.2 Serological and parasitological prevalence
  • 3.3.2.1 IHA titer and KK test results
  • 3.3.2.2 Age and sex-specific serological prevalence
  • 3.3.2.3 Titer value-specific serological prevalence
  • 3.3.3 Sero-conversion and sero-reversion
  • 3.3.3.1 Sero-conversion and titer values
  • 3.3.3.2 Age and sex-specific sero-conversion rates
  • 3.3.3.3 Sero-reversion and post-treatment titer values
  • 3.3.3.4 Sero-reversion and pre-treatment titer values
  • 3.3.3.5 Age and sex-specific sero-reversion rates
  • 3.3.4 Individual titer courses over 6–8 consecutive periods
  • 4 Discussion
  • 4.1 Human resources in schistosomiasis control in Wuhan
  • 4.1.1 Availability and distribution of human resources
  • 4.1.2 Workload and activities
  • 4.2 Diagnostics
  • 4.2.1 Study population
  • 4.2.2 Serological and parasitological prevalence
  • 4.2.2.1 Agreement between IHA und KK
  • 4.2.2.2 Age and sex specific serological prevalence
  • 4.2.2.3 Age specific serological prevalence and titer values
  • 4.2.3 Sero-conversions and sero-reversions
  • 4.2.3.1 Dependencies in data
  • 4.2.3.2 Sero-conversion and -reversion and titer-values
  • 4.2.4 Serological non-reverters
  • 4.2.5 Determination of the “serological scar”
  • 4.3 Conclusion
  • 5 References
  • 6 Annexes

Pauline Grys

Schistosomiasis Control in China

Diagnostics and Control Strategies Leading to Success

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About the author

Pauline Grys studied Economics and Sinology in Heidelberg and Tianjin. She completed her doctorate in Public Health at Heidelberg University. She works at the Institute of Public Health at Heidelberg University. Her primary research interests focus on disease surveillance and control, human resources for health and postgraduate training and education in public health.

About the book

Schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide and continues to be a public health concern in many countries. China made huge progress in the control of Schistosomiasis japonica, aiming at the elimination of the disease from many previously endemic areas. This book presents a scientific investigation into the practical implementation of the Chinese national control strategy at the grass root level. It focusses on availability and composition of human resources for control and on performance of sero-diagnostic tests needed for case detection and surveillance. The main message of this book is that effective control and elimination of Schistosomiasis are feasible, but high levels of support for control need to be sustained to prevent resurgence of this disease.

This eBook can be cited

This edition of the eBook can be cited. To enable this we have marked the start and end of a page. In cases where a word straddles a page break, the marker is placed inside the word at exactly the same position as in the physical book. This means that occasionally a word might be bifurcated by this marker.

Preface

Science is perceived as a sequence of new results, which contribute to the progress of knowledge. This apparently linear process relies, however, also on non-linear, but essential events. This book provides an eloquent example of this process by researching in a perfect inter-disciplinary approach, how one of the most important parasitic diseases – schistosomiasis – may be successfully controlled. This work also examines how progress in schistosomiasis control leads the adaption of the required tools and affects necessary manpower. This research was done in the particular context of the Chinese national schistosomiasis control program, which has been a steady and continuous government-driven activity. This book illustrates that a research approach to co-operate between the “West” and the “East” may particularly benefit from having knowledge of language and life habits.

Details

Pages
170
Year
2016
ISBN (ePUB)
9783631697467
ISBN (PDF)
9783653063066
ISBN (MOBI)
9783631697474
ISBN (Softcover)
9783631667323
DOI
10.3726/b10466
Language
English
Publication date
2017 (April)
Published
Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien, 2016. XXIV, 170 pp., 33 coloured ill., 1 coloured table, 40 b/w tables

Biographical notes

Pauline Grys (Author)

Pauline Grys studied Economics and Sinology in Heidelberg and Tianjin. She completed her doctorate in Public Health at Heidelberg University. She works at the Institute of Public Health at Heidelberg University. Her primary research interests focus on disease surveillance and control, human resources for health and postgraduate training and education in public health.

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196 pages