The Attainment of an English Accent
British and American Features in Advanced German Learners
Series:
Alexander Kautzsch
This book investigates inconsistencies in the accent adopted by advanced German learners of English with respect to differences between standard American and British English (rhoticity, t-voicing, the vowels in the lexical sets «bath», «lot» and «thought»). From a theoretical point of view, the volume contributes to understanding the status of L1 transfer in language learners at «ultimate attainment», a stabilized, late stage in language acquisition. Unlike in many studies in second language acquisition, the approach taken here is variationist, taking into account extra- and intra-linguistic factors as potential explanations for variability. The findings suggest that in addition to the target accent the strongest external factor is time spent abroad, while L1 accent and proficiency level seem to have minor impact only.
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- Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien, 2017. XXV, 296 pp., 126 b/w ill., 8 coloured ill., 78 b/w tables
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
Preface
Chapter
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Extract
Language Learning is a field which bridges the gap between the research conducted within Psycholinguistics and the applied research within Foreign Language Didactics. For a long time, these two fields were regarded as separate disciplines, and the emphasis lay on their differences. However, just as there has been a gradual convergence between the concepts of language acquisition and language learning, over the past few years Psycholinguistics and Foreign Language Didactics have also been moving closer together. While Psycholinguistics is taking a growing interest in the classroom context in which language learning takes place, Foreign Language Didactics have fully embraced empirical research which sheds light on the linguistic phenomena found in the interactions within the classroom.
The series Inquiries in Language Learning (Forschungen zu Psycholinguistik und Fremdsprachendidaktik) aims to reflect this development. Since the areas of intersection between these two research fields have a high level of interdisciplinarity, the contributions to this series are relevant in many different ways for educators and researchers who are concerned with language learning. On the one hand, good foreign language or second language teaching requires teachers whose methodological and pedagogical decisions are based on a sound knowledge of language acquisition theory. Furthermore, foreign language textbooks should have a solid empirical foundation. On the other hand, the interpretation of linguistic data requires familiarity with the types of classroom activities and rituals that shape the various learning processes. After all, psycholinguistic research design must attend to the technicalities of classroom teaching and learning...
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Or login to access all content.- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References