Experts and Expertise in Science and Technology in Europe since the 1960s

EXPERTS AND EXPERTISE IN
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
IN EUROPE SINCE THE 1960S

ORGANIZED CIVIL SOCIETY, DEMOCRACY
AND POLITICAL DECISION-MAKING

Christine Bouneau & David Burigana (eds.)

Euroclio
Vol. 101

L’ouvrage est publié avec le soutien financier de l’Università degli Studi di Padova (Programme de recherche ExPoSt-Italy) et de la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aquitaine (Programme SCOR) ; les auteurs remercient pour leur soutien scientifique : le Département de Sciences Politiques Juridiques et études internationales (SPgI) de l’Università degli Studi di Padova, le Centre d’Activités et d’études Aérospatiales « giuseppe Colombo » (Università degli Studi di Padova), le programme HistCom3 sur l’histoire de la Commission européenne (1986-2000), le Alcide De gasperi Research Centre (European University Institute), et tout particulièrement les Archives Historique de l’Union européenne, et la Società Italiana di Storia Internazionale (SiSi).

This publication has been peer reviewed.

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© P.I.E. PETER LANG s.a.

Éditions scientifiques internationales
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About the editors

Christine Bouneau, Professor of Contemporary History at Bordeaux-Montaigne University and Director of the Centre d’Études des Mondes Moderne et Contemporain, is an historian of politics.

David Burigana, Professor of History of International Relations at Padua University (Department of Political Sciences, Law and International Studies), member of the Board of the Center for Space Studies and Activities “Giuseppe Colombo” of Padua, is an historian of the interconnection between technology and foreign policy particularly in aerospace cooperation/competition.

About the book

Do the politicians actually take decisions, or rather the experts do it in their place? In other words, it is a matter of understanding whether the political stakeholders/representatives simply approve the final stage of a decision procedure led by the experts they have delegated, since they lack cognitive skills or because the experts do not try enough to explicit potentials and risks involved. Here lays the possible loss of democratic legitimacy in the decision-making process. This brings into question the responsibility of a ruling class to which the political representatives and secondarily the experts belong.

This book analyses the interplay of these different actors in the political relations among States since the 1960s: this interaction capability becomes a key factor for the international accountability of a country, and above all for the democratic reliability of its decision-making process. Then we have to consider the role of the organized civil society.

In that way, expertise provides the basis for the mediation among the States, and then expertise goes for the legitimacy of power practices in all parties engaged, and in the decision-making process inside the democratic arenas.

This eBook can be cited

This edition of the eBook can be cited. To enable this we have marked the start and end of a page. In cases where a word straddles a page break, the marker is placed inside the word at exactly the same position as in the physical book. This means that occasionally a word might be bifurcated by this marker.

Table of Contents

Acronyms

Archives

Introduction

Christine Bouneau, David Burigana

Experts in International Arenas Between East and West

The Nexus Between Resilience and Foreign Policy in its Historical Development. A Research Agenda

Federico Niglia

Expert Cultures and Infrastructural Globalism. Socialist Experts under Restricted Internationalism

Doubravka Olšáková

Economics, Financial and Techno-industrial Fields: Enlarging Constraints

How British Corporate Interests and Their Views on Japan Were Transferred to Brussels. The Case of Nissan Sunderland Plant and the Single European Act

Hitoshi Suzuki

The Central Bank and the Governments in the Shaping of Italy’s International Financial Policies from the End of Bretton Woods Through the Start of the 1980s

Simone Selva

Economic Experts and International Economic Policy in the Late 1970s

Andi Shehu←7 | 8→

Techno-political Expertise and Energy: the Interweaving Between French Stakeholders and European Arenas

L’expertise aux Parlements français et européen. La question de l’énergie durant les années 1970

Christine Bouneau

Think tanks et participation à l’élaboration du politique. Enjeux européens et énergétiques pour un groupe particulier d’experts

Jordane Provost

À la recherche d’une société civile organisée. Le Comité économique et social européen et le projet d’une Union européenne de l’énergie

Christophe Bouneau

Air and Space: European Techno-political Perspectives

Factors Contributing to the Italian Position in the Years of the Establishment of Airbus Industrie

Elena Cesca

Réalité et illusions d’un consensus. L’itinéraire décisionnel du programme Hermès

Anne de Floris

French People’s Representatives Talk Outer Space. Two Decades of European Cooperation in Space Seen Through the Lenses of the Parliament (1970s-1980s)

Catherine Radtka

‘Europeanization’ of Technology. The Role of Trade Unions in the Aerospace Sector

Sara Venditti

Experts, Expertise, and Politicians in Science and Technology in Italy. The Case of Euro-Atlantic Cooperation in Air and Space (1960s-1980s)

David Burigana

Authors

Index

Bibliography←8 | 9→

Acronyms

ACER Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators

ACX Avion de Combat Experimental

AEE Agence pour les économies d’énergie

AERFER Industrie Meccaniche Meridionali Aeronautiche e Ferrotranviarie S.p.A.

AFIRIT Association franco-italienne pour la recherche industrielle et technologique

AGARD NATO Agency for Aerospace Development

ANR Agence nationale de la recherche

AS Altiero Spinelli

ASE Agence spatiale européenne

ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

ATR Avion de transport régional

AUEW Amalgamated Union of Engineering Workers

BA Boeing Archives

BL British Leyland

CAB Cabinet Papers

CADN Centre des archives diplomatiques, Nantes

CBI Confederation of British Industry

CCR Centre commun de recherche/Joint Research Centre

CECA Communauté européenne du charbon et de l’acier

CECLES Conseil européen pour la mise au point et la construction de lanceurs d’engins spatiaux

CEDEFOP Centre européen pour le développement de la formation

CEE Communauté européenne de l’énergie

CEEA Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique

CEER Council of European Energy Regulators

CERS Conseil européen de recherche spatiale←9 | 10→