The Attainment of an English Accent
British and American Features in Advanced German Learners
Series:
Alexander Kautzsch
This book investigates inconsistencies in the accent adopted by advanced German learners of English with respect to differences between standard American and British English (rhoticity, t-voicing, the vowels in the lexical sets «bath», «lot» and «thought»). From a theoretical point of view, the volume contributes to understanding the status of L1 transfer in language learners at «ultimate attainment», a stabilized, late stage in language acquisition. Unlike in many studies in second language acquisition, the approach taken here is variationist, taking into account extra- and intra-linguistic factors as potential explanations for variability. The findings suggest that in addition to the target accent the strongest external factor is time spent abroad, while L1 accent and proficiency level seem to have minor impact only.
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- Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien, 2017. XXV, 296 pp., 126 b/w ill., 8 coloured ill., 78 b/w tables
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
Acknowledgements
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Extract
A lot of people have contributed to this book in one way or another and I would like to express my gratitude to all of them. First and foremost, I thank Edgar W. Schneider, who was my main mentor in the Habilitationsverfahren (postdoctoral qualification) and allowed me a great deal of freedom in pursuing my own research. Without his support, I would not have been able to write this book.
I am also very grateful to Roswitha Fischer and Ralph Witzgall for consenting to serve as additional mentors during the process of my postdoctoral qualification.
My heartfelt thanks go to Christiane M. Bongartz and Jutta Rymarczyk, who found my research interesting enough to accept this monograph for publication in their series Inquiries in Language Learning.
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Or login to access all content.- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author(s)/editor(s)
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Preface
- Vorwort
- Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- 2.1.1 Internal and external factors
- 2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
- 2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
- 2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
- 2.4 Implications for the present study
- 3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
- 3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
- 3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
- 3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
- 3.4 Summary
- 4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
- 5.1 Speakers
- 5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
- 5.2.2 München
- 5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
- 5.4 T-voicing
- 5.5.1 A brief note on lexical sets for German
- 5.5.2 bath and lot / thought
- 5.5.3 Vowel measurement in praat
- 5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package “Vowels” for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
- 5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
- 5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
- 6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
- 6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
- 6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.1.2 bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German bäten, Kätzchen, Betten, baten and hatten
- 6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
- 6.3.2.2 lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
- 6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, baten and hatten
- 7.1.1 Rhoticity
- 7.1.2 Linking <r>
- 7.1.3 T-voicing
- 7.1.4 Bath
- 7.1.5 lot / thought
- 7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
- 7.2.2 L1 accent region
- 7.2.3 Proficiency
- 7.2.4 Time spent abroad
- 7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- 9 References