The European Union’s Energy Security and Turkey’s Role in the Southern Gas Corridor

Table Of Contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• About the editor
• About the book
• This eBook can be cited
• Table of Contents
• Abstract
• Zusammenfassung
• Acknowledgements
• List of Abbreviations
• List of Figures
• 1. Introduction
• 1.1 Purpose of the Book
• 1.2 Literature Review and Argumentation
• 1.3 The Structure and Methodology
• 2. Theoretical Framework: Interdependence Theory
• 2.1 Energy Security and Interdependence
• 2.2 Emergence of Interdependence Theory
• 2.3 Central Concept; Introduction to Theory
• 2.4 Types of Interdependence
• 2.4.1 Vulnerability and Sensitivity
• 2.4.2 Direct and Indirect Interdependence
• 2.4.3. The Impacts of International Policy
• 2.4.4. Actors
• 2.4.4.1 Reducing Importance of Military Power
• 2.4.4.2 Economic Power
• 2.4.4.3 In Terms of Security Vulnerability and Sensitivity
• 2.5. Complex Interdependence
• 2.6 Compatibility with Realism and Complex Interdependence
• 3. Energy Interdependence as a Challenge
• 3.1 Pipeline Transit State on View of Vulnerability
• 3.2 Role of the Actors in Gas Policy
• 3.3 Diversification of Natural Gas Supply for the EU and Turkey
• 3.4 Cooperating for Energy Security Between the EU and Turkey: An Interdependence Approach
• 3.5 Contributing Energy Cooperation of Turkey to EU Membership
• Summary
• 4. Global Growing Energy Demand
• 4.1 Increasing Importance of Gas
• 4.2 The Fossil Energy Resources used in the World and their Consumption
• 4.3 The Fluctuations in Energy Policy After 9/11
• 4.4 Rise of Natural Gas Use in the Electric Power Sector around the World
• 4.5 Scenario of World Natural Gas
• 4.6 Competition between Actors on Energy Issues
• 5. EU Debates on Reducing Gas Dependency and EU-Russia Relations
• 5.1 Development of European Energy Policy
• 5.1.1 After the Oil Crisis
• 5.1.2 European Union Energy Policies Between 1986 and 1995
• 5.1.3 Energy Framework Programme
• 5.1.4 White Paper: An Energy Policy for Europe
• 5.2 The Green Paper (The New Energy Policy of the EU)
• 5.2.1 The Green Paper: A European Strategy for the Security of Energy Supply
• 5.2.2 Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy for European Strategy (2006)
• 5.3 Europe Energy Charter and Europe Energy Charter Treaty
• 5.4. Security Risks and EU Policies on European Energy Supply
• 5.5 The EU’s External Dependence and Energy Consumption
• 5.5.1. The EU and the Security of Natural Gas Supply
• 5.5.2. The Effects of the Gas Crises on European Energy Security
• 5.6 Energy Targets and Prospects for the EU in 2020
• Summary
• 5.7. Analysis of the Cooperation between the EU and Russia on Energy Policy
• 5.7.1 Russian Gas Pipelines and Projects to Europe
• 5.7.2 South Stream
• 5.7.3 Nord Stream Pipeline
• 5.7.4 Gazprom within the State
• Summary
• 5.8 Alternative Policy Options for Reducing Gas Dependency
• 5.8.1 Promoting Use of EU Renewable Energy Sources
• 5.8.2 Improving Energy Efficiency
• 5.8.3 Nuclear Energy Use and Debate
• 5.8.4 Single Energy Market and Liberalisation of the Gas Market in the European Union
• 6. Turkey’s Energy Dependency and Role in the Southern Gas Corridor
• 6.1 Rising natural gas use in Turkey
• 6.2 Turkey’s Dependency on Russia with Blue Stream Natural Gas Pipeline
• 6.3 Transmission of Gas Policy in Turkey
• 6.4 Turkey-EU Coherence after Negotiations in the Field of Gas Policy
• 6.5 Trans-European Energy Networks (TEN-E)
• 6.6 Aims of Turkey’s Gas Policy by 2023
• 6.7 Turkey’s Energy Chapter in EU Membership
• 6.7.1. Renewable Energy Resources in Turkey
• 6.7.2. Nuclear Energy Studies
• 6.7.3. Energy Efficiency Studies
• 6.7.4 Climate Change Policy and Position of Turkey in the Kyoto Protocol
• 6.7.5 Challenges of Turkey’s Energy Policy and EU Accession Process
• 6.8 International Pipeline Projects as Energy Hub of Turkey
• 6.8.1. Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan (BTC)
• 6.8.2. The Samsun–Ceyhan Pipeline
• 6.8.3. Iraq–Turkey Crude Oil Pipeline (Kirkuk–Yumurtalik)
• 6.9 Important Export States
• 6.9.1 Iran
• 6.9.2 Turkmenistan
• 6.9.3 Iraq
• 6.10 Southern Gas Corridor
• 6.10.1 Azerbaijani-Turkish Project Trans-Anatolian Pipeline
• 6.10.2 Competing Existing Pipelines around Turkey’s Border
• 6.10.2.1 Short Version of Nabucco
• 6.10.2.2 Trans Adriatic Pipeline
• 6.10.2.3 South East Europe Pipeline
• 6.10.3 Baku–Tbilisi–Erzurum
• 6.10.4 South Europe Gas Ring Interconnector Turkey–Greece–Italy Pipeline
• 6.10.5 Azerbaijani-Turkish Natural Gas Pipeline Project (Shah Sea I and II)
• 7. Energy as a Factor in the Relationship between Turkey and the EU
• 7.1 Turkey’s Geostrategical Factor
• 7.2 Rising Importance of Turkey in European Energy Security
• 7.3 Interest and Cost of Cooperation on the Southern Gas Corridor
• 7.4 Changes to Turkey’s Position
• 8. Conclusion
• 9. References
• Annex: Interviews