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Between Fair and Rigged. Elections as a Key Determinant of the ‘Borderline Political Regime’ - Turkey in Comparative Perspective

by Adam Szymański (Author) Jakub Wódka (Author) Wojciech Ufel (Author) Amanda Dziubińska (Author)
©2020 Monographs 262 Pages

Summary

At the beginning of the 21st century, there are an increasing number of states in which elections do not meet the standards of liberal democracy due to electoral malpractices. The analysis of the malpractices at all stages of the electoral cycle and their impact on the political regime is the primary objective of this book. The research focuses on Turkey. However, the authors move one step further and try to present the Turkish case from a comparative perspective. They analyse selected countries in Central Europe, the Balkans and Latin America. They investigate an interesting process of mutual reinforcement of increasingly serious electoral malpractices and change in/of the political regime. It leads to the development of ‘borderline regimes’ balancing between two types of political regimes.

Table Of Contents

  • Cover
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • About the author
  • About the book
  • This eBook can be cited
  • Content
  • List of Abbreviations
  • Introduction
  • 1. Theoretical Framework
  • 1.1 Electoral Integrity and Electoral Malpractice
  • 1.1.1 Definitions
  • 1.1.2 Electoral Malpractice: Taxonomies
  • 1.2 Political Regimes
  • 2. Elections and Travails of Turkish Democracy
  • 2.1 Multi-party Democracy and Elections in Turkey 1950–2002
  • 2.2 AKP as a (Pre)dominant Party and (De)democratisation of Turkey. Towards Political Hegemony
  • 2.3 Conclusion
  • 3. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Turkey
  • 3.1 General Overview
  • 3.2 Review of Electoral Malpractices
  • 3.2.1 Manipulation of the Law
  • Gerrymandering
  • Malapportionment
  • Electoral Rights
  • Election Campaign
  • Out-of-Country Voting
  • Voting and Electoral Authorities
  • 3.2.2 Manipulation of Vote Choice
  • Manipulation of Genuine Preferences
  • Undue Influence
  • 3.2.3 Manipulation of the Voting Act
  • Voter Registration
  • Polling Arrangements
  • Voting
  • Counting and Tabulation of Votes
  • Last Stages of Electoral Cycle
  • 3.3 Impact of Electoral Malpractices on Political Regime
  • 3.3.1 General Model of Relationship
  • 3.3.2 Feedback Mechanism: Process-Tracing Analysis
  • 3.4 Conclusion
  • 4. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Central Europe and the Balkans: Case Study of Hungary, North Macedonia and Serbia
  • 4.1 Introductory Issues
  • 4.1.1 Democratisation and Its Retreat in Central Europe and the Balkans: General Context
  • 4.1.2 De-democratisation and Electoral Malpractices in Turkey, Central Europe and the Balkans from a Comparative Perspective
  • 4.1.3 Comparative Perspective: Methods and Structure of the Chapter
  • 4.2 Hungary and the Fidesz Government
  • 4.2.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to Fidesz Victory in 2010
  • 4.2.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2010–2014
  • 4.2.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2014–2018
  • 4.2.4 Summary
  • 4.3 Serbia under the Rule of Aleksandar Vučić and SNS
  • 4.3.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to SNS Victory in 2014
  • 4.3.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2014–2016
  • 4.3.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2016–2017
  • 4.3.4 Summary
  • 4.4 North Macedonia: The Rise and Fall of Nikola Gruevski’s Government
  • 4.4.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to 2006
  • 4.4.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: De-democratisation in 2006–2014
  • 4.4.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: Re-democratisation in 2014–2016?
  • 4.4.4 Summary
  • 4.5 Conclusion: Common Patterns in Electoral Malpractices and De-democratisation in Central Europe and the Balkans
  • 5. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Latin America: Case Study of Nicaragua and Venezuela
  • 5.1 Introductory Issues
  • 5.1.1 Democratisation and Its Retreat in Latin America: General Context
  • 5.1.2 De-democratisation and Electoral Malpractices in Turkey and Latin America from a Comparative Perspective
  • 5.1.3 Comparative Perspective: Methods and Structure of the Chapter
  • 5.2 Nicaragua
  • 5.2.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to Daniel Ortega’s Victory in 2006
  • 5.2.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2006–2011
  • 5.2.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2011–2016
  • 5.2.4 Summary
  • 5.3 Venezuela
  • 5.3.1 Elections and Consolidation of Power by 2010
  • 5.3.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2010–2013
  • 5.3.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2013–2018
  • 5.3.4 Summary
  • 5.4 Conclusion: Common Patterns in Electoral Malpractices and De-democratisation in Latin America
  • Conclusions
  • Annex
  • Bibliography
  • Index
  • Series index

cover

Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in
the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic
data is available in the internet at
http://dnb.d-nb.de.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for
at the Library of Congress.

About the author

The Authors

Adam Szymański is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, Poland.

Jakub Wódka is an Associate Professor at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Poland.

Wojciech Ufel is a PhD student in the Institute of Political Science, University of Wrocław, Poland.

Amanda Dziubińska is a PhD student at the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, Poland.

About the book

Adam Szymański / Jakub Wódka /
Wojciech Ufel / Amanda Dziubińska

Between Fair and Rigged. Elections as a
Key Determinant of the ‘Borderline Political Regime’ -
Turkey in Comparative Perspective

At the beginning of the 21st century, there are an increasing number of states in which elections do not meet the standards of liberal democracy due to electoral malpractices. The analysis of the malpractices at all stages of the electoral cycle and their impact on the political regime is the primary objective of this book. The research focuses on Turkey. However, the authors move one step further and try to present the Turkish case from a comparative perspective. They analyse selected countries in Central Europe, the Balkans and Latin America. They investigate an interesting process of mutual reinforcement of increasingly serious electoral malpractices and change in/of the political regime. It leads to the development of ‘borderline regimes’ balancing between two types of political regimes.

This eBook can be cited

This edition of the eBook can be cited. To enable this we have marked the start and end of a page. In cases where a word straddles a page break, the marker is placed inside the word at exactly the same position as in the physical book. This means that occasionally a word might be bifurcated by this marker.

Content

List of Abbreviations

Introduction

1. Theoretical Framework

1.1 Electoral Integrity and Electoral Malpractice

1.1.1 Definitions

1.1.2 Electoral Malpractice: Taxonomies

1.2 Political Regimes

2. Elections and Travails of Turkish Democracy

2.1 Multi-party Democracy and Elections in Turkey 1950–2002

2.2 AKP as a (Pre)dominant Party and (De)democratisation of Turkey. Towards Political Hegemony

2.3 Conclusion

3. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Turkey

3.1 General Overview

3.2 Review of Electoral Malpractices

3.2.1 Manipulation of the Law

Gerrymandering

Malapportionment

Electoral Rights

Election Campaign

Out-of-Country Voting

Voting and Electoral Authorities

3.2.2 Manipulation of Vote Choice

Manipulation of Genuine Preferences

Undue Influence

3.2.3 Manipulation of the Voting Act

Voter Registration

Polling Arrangements

Voting

Counting and Tabulation of Votes

Last Stages of Electoral Cycle

3.3 Impact of Electoral Malpractices on Political Regime

3.3.1 General Model of Relationship

3.3.2 Feedback Mechanism: Process-Tracing Analysis

3.4 Conclusion

4. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Central Europe and the Balkans – Case Study of Hungary, North Macedonia and Serbia

4.1 Introductory Issues

4.1.1 Democratisation and Its Retreat in Central Europe and the Balkans: General Context

4.1.2 De-democratisation and Electoral Malpractices in Turkey, Central Europe and the Balkans from a Comparative Perspective

4.1.3 Comparative Perspective: Methods and Structure of the Chapter

4.2 Hungary and the Fidesz Government

4.2.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to Fidesz Victory in 2010

4.2.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2010–2014

4.2.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2014–2018

4.2.4 Summary

4.3 Serbia under the Rule of Aleksandar Vučić and SNS

4.3.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to SNS Victory in 2014

4.3.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2014–2016

4.3.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2016–2017

4.3.4 Summary

4.4 North Macedonia: The Rise and Fall of Nikola Gruevski’s Government

4.4.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to 2006

4.4.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: De-democratisation in 2006–2014

4.4.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: Re-democratisation in 2014–2016?

4.4.4 Summary

4.5 Conclusion: Common Patterns in Electoral Malpractices and De-democratisation in Central Europe and the Balkans

5. Electoral Malpractices and Regime Change in Latin America: Case Study of Nicaragua and Venezuela

5.1 Introductory Issues

5.1.1 Democratisation and Its Retreat in Latin America: General Context

5.1.2 De-democratisation and Electoral Malpractices in Turkey and Latin America from a Comparative Perspective

5.1.3 Comparative Perspective: Methods and Structure of the Chapter

5.2 Nicaragua

5.2.1 Institutional, Political and Social Context Prior to Daniel Ortega’s Victory in 2006

5.2.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2006–2011

5.2.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2011–2016

5.2.4 Summary

5.3 Venezuela

5.3.1 Elections and Consolidation of Power by 2010

5.3.2 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2010–2013

5.3.3 Regime Change and Electoral Malpractices: 2013–2018

5.3.4 Summary

Details

Pages
262
Publication Year
2020
ISBN (PDF)
9783631818824
ISBN (ePUB)
9783631818831
ISBN (MOBI)
9783631818848
ISBN (Hardcover)
9783631813638
DOI
10.3726/b16821
Language
English
Publication date
2020 (June)
Keywords
Political Science
Published
Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien, 2020. 262 pp., 3 fig. b/w, 27 tables

Biographical notes

Adam Szymański (Author) Jakub Wódka (Author) Wojciech Ufel (Author) Amanda Dziubińska (Author)

Adam Szymański is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, Poland. Jakub Wódka is an Associate Professor at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Poland. Wojciech Ufel is a PhD student in the Institute of Political Science, University of Wrocław, Poland. Amanda Dziubińska is a PhD student at the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, Poland.

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Title: Between Fair and Rigged. Elections as a Key Determinant of the ‘Borderline Political Regime’ - Turkey in Comparative Perspective