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Applicative Arguments
A Syntactic and Semantic Investigation of German and English
Series:
Solveig Bosse
Applicative Arguments: A Syntactic and Semantic Investigation of German and English presents formal semantic and syntactic analyses of German and English applicative arguments. These arguments are nominal elements that are not obligatory parts of a sentence. Both German and English have several types of applicative arguments, including so-called benefactive and malefactive constructions. More specifically, the research relies on tests to differentiate the different types of applicative arguments based on this contribution to meaning: Some applicatives contribute only not-at-issue meaning, whereas others contribute only at-issue meaning, and still others contribute both types of meaning. These tests are applied to both German and English to uniquely identify the applicative arguments in each language. Formal analyses of the identified type of applicative arguments are presented that provide an account for each type of applicative identified for each language, explaining the applicatives’ differences and similarities.
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- 978-1-4541-9426-2
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- New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt am Main, Oxford, Wien, 2015. 246 pp.
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- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- 1.1 Defining Applicative Arguments
- 1.2 Goals and Structure of this Book
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 2.3 Event Semantics
- 2.4 Pylkkänen (2002, 2008)
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2.1 Benefactives (Chapter 5)
- 3.2.2 Part-Whole Applicative Arguments (Chapter 6) & Pertinence Datives
- 3.2.3 Other German Applicatives
- 3.3.1 Affected Experiencers
- 3.3.2 Pertinence Dative
- 3.4 Analysis
- 3.5.1 Bi-Eventivity
- 3.5.2 Again-Modification
- 3.5.3 Negation
- 3.6.1 Analysis
- 3.6.2.1 Binding Hole (2005; 2008; 201X) presents a binding approach to pertinence datives.
- 3.6.2.2 Possessor Raising
- 3.6.3 Conclusion
- 3.7.1 Valency
- 3.7.2 Semantic Licensing
- 3.8 Affected Experiencers following Potts (2005)
- 3.9.1 Japanese: Attachment Height Variation
- 3.9.2.1 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 3.9.2.2 Analysis
- 3.9.3 Parametric Variation
- 3.10 Conclusion
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2.1.1 Distribution
- 4.2.1.2 Not-at-issue Meaning
- 4.2.2.1 Previous Analyses
- 4.2.2.2 Analysis
- 4.2.3 Summary
- 4.3.1 Description
- 4.3.2 Features
- 4.3.3 Form
- 4.3.4 Role of the Direct Object
- 4.3.5 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 4.3.6 Analysis
- 4.3.7 Consequences
- 4.3.8.1 Haddad (2011)
- 4.3.8.2 Hutchinson and Armstrong (2013)
- 4.3.9 Summary
- 4.4 Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2.1 English
- 5.2.2 German
- 5.3 At-Issue Content
- 5.4.1 Analysis
- 5.4.2 Consequences
- 5.4.3 Verbal Restrictions
- 5.4.4 Hole (2005; 201X)
- 5.4.5 Summary
- 5.5.1 Meaning
- 5.5.2 Ditransitives and Benefactives
- 5.5.3 Analysis
- 5.5.4 Consequences
- 5.5.5 Summary
- 5.6.1 Analysis
- 5.6.2 Consequences
- 5.6.3 PP-shells
- 5.7 Conclusion
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2.1 Differentiating Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.2.2 Characteristics
- 6.2.3 Restrictions on Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 6.4.1 Possessor Raising
- 6.4.2 Pylkkänen (2002)
- 6.4.3 Hole (2008)
- 6.4.4 Tomioka and Sim (2007)
- 6.4.5 Analysis
- 6.5 Consequences
- 6.6 Conclusion
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Description
- 7.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 7.4 Analysis
- 7.5 Consequences
- 7.6 Conclusion
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2.1 Ethical Dative
- 8.2.2 Dative of Inaction
- 8.2.3 Subject Co-referential Applicative
- 8.2.4 Affected Experiencer
- 8.2.5 True Benefactive
- 8.2.6 Part-Whole Applicative
- 8.2.7 Summary
- 8.3 English
- 8.4 Conclusion
- 9 Conclusion
- Appendix 1: Affected Experiencers
- Appendix 2: Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- Appendix 3: Benefactives
- Appendix 4: Part-Whole Applicative
- Appendix 5: Dative of Inaction
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- Series index
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- 1.1 Defining Applicative Arguments
- 1.2 Goals and Structure of this Book
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 2.3 Event Semantics
- 2.4 Pylkkänen (2002, 2008)
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2.1 Benefactives (Chapter 5)
- 3.2.2 Part-Whole Applicative Arguments (Chapter 6) & Pertinence Datives
- 3.2.3 Other German Applicatives
- 3.3.1 Affected Experiencers
- 3.3.2 Pertinence Dative
- 3.4 Analysis
- 3.5.1 Bi-Eventivity
- 3.5.2 Again-Modification
- 3.5.3 Negation
- 3.6.1 Analysis
- 3.6.2.1 Binding Hole (2005; 2008; 201X) presents a binding approach to pertinence datives.
- 3.6.2.2 Possessor Raising
- 3.6.3 Conclusion
- 3.7.1 Valency
- 3.7.2 Semantic Licensing
- 3.8 Affected Experiencers following Potts (2005)
- 3.9.1 Japanese: Attachment Height Variation
- 3.9.2.1 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 3.9.2.2 Analysis
- 3.9.3 Parametric Variation
- 3.10 Conclusion
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2.1.1 Distribution
- 4.2.1.2 Not-at-issue Meaning
- 4.2.2.1 Previous Analyses
- 4.2.2.2 Analysis
- 4.2.3 Summary
- 4.3.1 Description
- 4.3.2 Features
- 4.3.3 Form
- 4.3.4 Role of the Direct Object
- 4.3.5 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 4.3.6 Analysis
- 4.3.7 Consequences
- 4.3.8.1 Haddad (2011)
- 4.3.8.2 Hutchinson and Armstrong (2013)
- 4.3.9 Summary
- 4.4 Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2.1 English
- 5.2.2 German
- 5.3 At-Issue Content
- 5.4.1 Analysis
- 5.4.2 Consequences
- 5.4.3 Verbal Restrictions
- 5.4.4 Hole (2005; 201X)
- 5.4.5 Summary
- 5.5.1 Meaning
- 5.5.2 Ditransitives and Benefactives
- 5.5.3 Analysis
- 5.5.4 Consequences
- 5.5.5 Summary
- 5.6.1 Analysis
- 5.6.2 Consequences
- 5.6.3 PP-shells
- 5.7 Conclusion
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2.1 Differentiating Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.2.2 Characteristics
- 6.2.3 Restrictions on Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 6.4.1 Possessor Raising
- 6.4.2 Pylkkänen (2002)
- 6.4.3 Hole (2008)
- 6.4.4 Tomioka and Sim (2007)
- 6.4.5 Analysis
- 6.5 Consequences
- 6.6 Conclusion
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Description
- 7.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 7.4 Analysis
- 7.5 Consequences
- 7.6 Conclusion
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2.1 Ethical Dative
- 8.2.2 Dative of Inaction
- 8.2.3 Subject Co-referential Applicative
- 8.2.4 Affected Experiencer
- 8.2.5 True Benefactive
- 8.2.6 Part-Whole Applicative
- 8.2.7 Summary
- 8.3 English
- 8.4 Conclusion
- 9 Conclusion
- Appendix 1: Affected Experiencers
- Appendix 2: Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- Appendix 3: Benefactives
- Appendix 4: Part-Whole Applicative
- Appendix 5: Dative of Inaction
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- Series index
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5 Benefactives
Chapter
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Extract
5.1 Introduction
In this chapter, I discuss the semantic and syntactic structure of benefactive applicative constructions in German and English as exemplified in (227).
As the name “benefactive” indicates, these applicative arguments denote who benefits from the described event. As Kittilä and Zuniga (2010) put it: “The beneficiary is a participant that is advantageously affected by an event without being its obligatory participant (either agent or primary target, i.e. patient)” (p. 2). This describes the meaning of the benefactive applicatives well.
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Or login to access all content.- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- 1.1 Defining Applicative Arguments
- 1.2 Goals and Structure of this Book
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 2.3 Event Semantics
- 2.4 Pylkkänen (2002, 2008)
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2.1 Benefactives (Chapter 5)
- 3.2.2 Part-Whole Applicative Arguments (Chapter 6) & Pertinence Datives
- 3.2.3 Other German Applicatives
- 3.3.1 Affected Experiencers
- 3.3.2 Pertinence Dative
- 3.4 Analysis
- 3.5.1 Bi-Eventivity
- 3.5.2 Again-Modification
- 3.5.3 Negation
- 3.6.1 Analysis
- 3.6.2.1 Binding Hole (2005; 2008; 201X) presents a binding approach to pertinence datives.
- 3.6.2.2 Possessor Raising
- 3.6.3 Conclusion
- 3.7.1 Valency
- 3.7.2 Semantic Licensing
- 3.8 Affected Experiencers following Potts (2005)
- 3.9.1 Japanese: Attachment Height Variation
- 3.9.2.1 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 3.9.2.2 Analysis
- 3.9.3 Parametric Variation
- 3.10 Conclusion
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2.1.1 Distribution
- 4.2.1.2 Not-at-issue Meaning
- 4.2.2.1 Previous Analyses
- 4.2.2.2 Analysis
- 4.2.3 Summary
- 4.3.1 Description
- 4.3.2 Features
- 4.3.3 Form
- 4.3.4 Role of the Direct Object
- 4.3.5 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 4.3.6 Analysis
- 4.3.7 Consequences
- 4.3.8.1 Haddad (2011)
- 4.3.8.2 Hutchinson and Armstrong (2013)
- 4.3.9 Summary
- 4.4 Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2.1 English
- 5.2.2 German
- 5.3 At-Issue Content
- 5.4.1 Analysis
- 5.4.2 Consequences
- 5.4.3 Verbal Restrictions
- 5.4.4 Hole (2005; 201X)
- 5.4.5 Summary
- 5.5.1 Meaning
- 5.5.2 Ditransitives and Benefactives
- 5.5.3 Analysis
- 5.5.4 Consequences
- 5.5.5 Summary
- 5.6.1 Analysis
- 5.6.2 Consequences
- 5.6.3 PP-shells
- 5.7 Conclusion
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2.1 Differentiating Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.2.2 Characteristics
- 6.2.3 Restrictions on Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 6.4.1 Possessor Raising
- 6.4.2 Pylkkänen (2002)
- 6.4.3 Hole (2008)
- 6.4.4 Tomioka and Sim (2007)
- 6.4.5 Analysis
- 6.5 Consequences
- 6.6 Conclusion
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Description
- 7.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 7.4 Analysis
- 7.5 Consequences
- 7.6 Conclusion
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2.1 Ethical Dative
- 8.2.2 Dative of Inaction
- 8.2.3 Subject Co-referential Applicative
- 8.2.4 Affected Experiencer
- 8.2.5 True Benefactive
- 8.2.6 Part-Whole Applicative
- 8.2.7 Summary
- 8.3 English
- 8.4 Conclusion
- 9 Conclusion
- Appendix 1: Affected Experiencers
- Appendix 2: Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- Appendix 3: Benefactives
- Appendix 4: Part-Whole Applicative
- Appendix 5: Dative of Inaction
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- Series index
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- 1.1 Defining Applicative Arguments
- 1.2 Goals and Structure of this Book
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 2.3 Event Semantics
- 2.4 Pylkkänen (2002, 2008)
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2.1 Benefactives (Chapter 5)
- 3.2.2 Part-Whole Applicative Arguments (Chapter 6) & Pertinence Datives
- 3.2.3 Other German Applicatives
- 3.3.1 Affected Experiencers
- 3.3.2 Pertinence Dative
- 3.4 Analysis
- 3.5.1 Bi-Eventivity
- 3.5.2 Again-Modification
- 3.5.3 Negation
- 3.6.1 Analysis
- 3.6.2.1 Binding Hole (2005; 2008; 201X) presents a binding approach to pertinence datives.
- 3.6.2.2 Possessor Raising
- 3.6.3 Conclusion
- 3.7.1 Valency
- 3.7.2 Semantic Licensing
- 3.8 Affected Experiencers following Potts (2005)
- 3.9.1 Japanese: Attachment Height Variation
- 3.9.2.1 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 3.9.2.2 Analysis
- 3.9.3 Parametric Variation
- 3.10 Conclusion
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2.1.1 Distribution
- 4.2.1.2 Not-at-issue Meaning
- 4.2.2.1 Previous Analyses
- 4.2.2.2 Analysis
- 4.2.3 Summary
- 4.3.1 Description
- 4.3.2 Features
- 4.3.3 Form
- 4.3.4 Role of the Direct Object
- 4.3.5 Not-At-Issue Meaning
- 4.3.6 Analysis
- 4.3.7 Consequences
- 4.3.8.1 Haddad (2011)
- 4.3.8.2 Hutchinson and Armstrong (2013)
- 4.3.9 Summary
- 4.4 Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2.1 English
- 5.2.2 German
- 5.3 At-Issue Content
- 5.4.1 Analysis
- 5.4.2 Consequences
- 5.4.3 Verbal Restrictions
- 5.4.4 Hole (2005; 201X)
- 5.4.5 Summary
- 5.5.1 Meaning
- 5.5.2 Ditransitives and Benefactives
- 5.5.3 Analysis
- 5.5.4 Consequences
- 5.5.5 Summary
- 5.6.1 Analysis
- 5.6.2 Consequences
- 5.6.3 PP-shells
- 5.7 Conclusion
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2.1 Differentiating Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.2.2 Characteristics
- 6.2.3 Restrictions on Part-Whole Applicative Arguments
- 6.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 6.4.1 Possessor Raising
- 6.4.2 Pylkkänen (2002)
- 6.4.3 Hole (2008)
- 6.4.4 Tomioka and Sim (2007)
- 6.4.5 Analysis
- 6.5 Consequences
- 6.6 Conclusion
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Description
- 7.3 At-Issue Meaning
- 7.4 Analysis
- 7.5 Consequences
- 7.6 Conclusion
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2.1 Ethical Dative
- 8.2.2 Dative of Inaction
- 8.2.3 Subject Co-referential Applicative
- 8.2.4 Affected Experiencer
- 8.2.5 True Benefactive
- 8.2.6 Part-Whole Applicative
- 8.2.7 Summary
- 8.3 English
- 8.4 Conclusion
- 9 Conclusion
- Appendix 1: Affected Experiencers
- Appendix 2: Not-At-Issue Applicatives
- Appendix 3: Benefactives
- Appendix 4: Part-Whole Applicative
- Appendix 5: Dative of Inaction
- Glossary
- Bibliography
- Index
- Series index