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Applicative Arguments

A Syntactic and Semantic Investigation of German and English

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Solveig Bosse

Applicative Arguments: A Syntactic and Semantic Investigation of German and English presents formal semantic and syntactic analyses of German and English applicative arguments. These arguments are nominal elements that are not obligatory parts of a sentence. Both German and English have several types of applicative arguments, including so-called benefactive and malefactive constructions. More specifically, the research relies on tests to differentiate the different types of applicative arguments based on this contribution to meaning: Some applicatives contribute only not-at-issue meaning, whereas others contribute only at-issue meaning, and still others contribute both types of meaning. These tests are applied to both German and English to uniquely identify the applicative arguments in each language. Formal analyses of the identified type of applicative arguments are presented that provide an account for each type of applicative identified for each language, explaining the applicatives’ differences and similarities.

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ISBN:
978-1-4541-9426-2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3726/978-1-4539-1354-3
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Available
Subjects:
  1. Linguistics
Formats:
  1. EPUB
  2. PDF
  3. Hardback
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New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt am Main, Oxford, Wien, 2015. 246 pp.
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Appendix 1: Affected Experiencers

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Subjects:
  1. Linguistics
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1) German Affected Experiencer (69)



c. (AffP and Voice combine by Event Identification.)

[[VP]] = λe. BREAK(e) & Thm(e)(Ben’s vase)

[[Aff]] = λPvt.λx.λe. P(e) & ∃e’(EXPER(e’) & Exp(e’)(x)) : ∀e’’ (P(e’’) → Source(e’’)(e’))

[[Aff’]] = λx.λe. BREAK(e) & Thm(e)(Ben’s vase) & ∃e’(EXPER(e’) & Exp(e’)(x)) : ∀e’’ (BREAK(e’’) & Thm(e’’)(Ben’s vase) → Source(e’’)(e’))

[[AffP]] = λe. BREAK(e) & Thm(e)(Ben’s vase) & ∃e’(EXPER(e’) & Exp(e’)(Chris)) : ∀e’’ (BREAK(e’’) & Thm(e’’)(Ben’s vase) → Source(e’’)(e’))

[[Voice]] = λx. λe. Agt(e)(x)

[[VoiceP]] = λe. BREAK(e) & Thm(e)(Ben’s vase) & Agt(e)(Alex) & ∃e’(EXPER(e’) & Exp(e’)(Chris) : ∀e’’((BREAK(e’’) & Thm(e’’)(Ben’s vase)) → Source(e’’)(e’))

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