Critical Dictionary on Borders, Cross-Border Cooperation and European Integration
Series:
Edited By Birte Wassenberg and Bernard Reitel
This Critical Dictionary on Borders, Cross-Border Cooperation and European Integration is the first encyclopaedia which combines two so far not well interconnected interdisciplinary research fields, i.e. Border Studies and European Studies. Organised in an alphabetical order, it contains 207 articles written by 115 authors from different countries and scientific disciplines which are accompanied by 58 maps. The articles deal with theory, terminology, concepts, actors, themes and spaces of neighbourhood relations at European borders and in borderlands of and around the European Union (EU). Taking into account a multi-scale perspective from the local to the global, the Critical Dictionary follows a combined historical-geographical approach and is co-directed by Birte Wassenberg and Bernard Reitel, with a large contribution of Jean Peyrony and Jean Rubio from the Mission opérationnelle transfrontalère (MOT), especially for the cartography. The Dictionary is also part of four Jean Monnet activities supported by the Erasmus+ programme of the European Union for the period 2016-2022: two Jean Monnet projects on EU border regions (University Strasbourg), one Jean Monnet network (Frontem) and the Franco-German Jean Monnet excellence Center in Strasbourg, as well as the Jean Monnet Chair of Bernard Reitel on borders and European integration. Rather than being designed as an objective compilation of facts and figures, it should serve as a critical tool for discussion between researchers, students and practitioners working in the field of borders, cross-border cooperation and European Integration.
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- 978-2-8076-0794-1
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- Bruxelles, Berlin, Bern, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien, 2020. 864 pp., 70 fig. col.
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the editors
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Editors
- Authors
- Welcome Address
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Articles
- Aachen Treaty
- Agriculture and Rural Development
- Alzette-Belval
- Andorra
- Arrabona
- Assemblage
- Association of European Border Regions (AEBR)
- Austria
- Balkans
- Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
- Banat-Triplex Confinium (BTC)
- Bayonne-San Sebastián Basque Eurocity
- Benelux States: Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands
- Bi- and Multi-Lateral Treaties for Cross-Border Cooperation
- Border/Boundary/Frontier
- Border and Memory
- Border and Migration
- Border Discontinuities
- Border Disputes in Europe
- Border Obstacles
- Border Region
- Border Resource
- Border Security in Europe
- Border Studies
- Borderities
- Borderscapes
- Bulgaria
- Carpathian Euroregion
- Central European Service for Cross-Border Initiatives (CESCI)
- Centrope Territory Euroregion
- Channel Arc
- Cieszyn/Czech Cieszyn (Český Těšín)
- Citizens’ Engagement in Cross-Border Regions
- Cohesion
- Committee of the Regions
- Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe
- Cooperation Forums
- Council of Europe and Cross-Border Cooperation
- Croatia
- Cross-Border Actors
- Cross-Border Conurbations
- Cross-Border Cooperation
- Cross-Border Economic Cooperation
- Cross-Border Governance
- Cross-Border Identity
- Cross-Border Impact Assessment
- Cross-Border Integration
- Cross-Border Labour Mobility
- Cross-Border Maritime Cooperation
- Cross-Border Mediation
- Cross-Border Metropolitan Region
- Cross-Border Project
- Cross-Border Review
- Cross-Border Spatial Planning
- Cross-Border Territories
- Cross-Border Workers
- Cross-Border Working Communities
- Culture and Interculturality
- Cyprus
- Czech-German-Austrian Border
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Dublin System for Asylum Seekers
- Eastern Partnership
- Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
- Employment
- Ems Dollart Region
- Energy
- Environment
- Euregio (Gronau)
- EuRegion West/Nyugat Pannonia
- EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
- Eurocities on the Spanish-Portuguese Border
- Eurocity Guben-Gubin
- Eurodistrict (Forms)
- Eurodistrict of Catalan Cross-Border Space
- Eurodistrict Pamina
- Eurodistrict SaarMoselle
- Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau
- Euro-Institut
- Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrjik-Tournai
- European City Görlitz-Zgorzelec
- European Community (EC)/European Union (EU) and Cross-Border Cooperation
- European Cross-Border Convention (ECBC)
- European Development Pole Longwy
- European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC)
- European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)
- European Territorial Cooperation (ETC)
- Euroregion (Concept)
- Euroregion (Overview)
- Euroregion Alentejo-Algarve-Andalucia (EuroAAA)
- Euroregion Alentejo-Centro-Extremadura (EUROACE)
- Euroregion Baltic
- Euroregion Beskydy
- Euroregion Cieszyn Silesia
- Euroregion Danube-Kriş-Mureş-Tisa (DKMT)
- Euroregion EuroBalkans
- Euroregion Galicia-Região Norte
- Euroregion Glacensis
- Euroregion Ipel’- Ipoly
- Euroregion Krušnohoří/Erzgebirge
- Euroregion Meuse-Rhine
- Euroregion Nisa-Nysa-Neisse
- Euroregion Nišava
- Euroregion Pomerania
- Euroregion Pomoraví/Weinviertel/Záhorie
- Euroregion Pradziad/Praděd
- Euroregion Pro Europa Viadrina
- Euroregion Rhine-Waal
- Euroregion Sajó-Rima/Slaná-Rimava
- Euroregion Silesia
- Euroregion Siret–Prut–Nistru
- Euroregion Spree-Neisse-Bober
- Euroscepticism in Cross-Border Regions
- EU Strategy for the Adriatic-Ionian Region (EUSAIR)
- EU Strategy for the Alpine Macro-Region (EUSALP)
- EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR)
- EU Strategy for the Danube Macro-Region (EUSDR)
- Finland
- France
- Frankfurt-Słubice
- French-Belgian Border
- Frontex
- Geopolitics of Borders
- Germany
- Gorizia – Nova Gorica
- Greater Geneva – le Grand Genève
- Greater Region
- Greece
- Health
- High Rhine Commission
- Hospital of Cerdanya
- Hungary
- Imatra – Svetogorsk
- Infobest
- Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA)
- Interreg
- Interregional Cooperation
- Ireland
- Irish Border Region
- Ister-Granum
- Italian-French Land Border
- Italy
- Lake Constance Region (Bodensee)
- Legal Tools of Cross-Border Cooperation
- Macro-Regional Strategies and Sea Basin Strategies
- Madrid Outline Convention
- Malta
- Media
- Mission opérationnelle transfrontalière (MOT)
- Monitoring (Observation)
- Mont-Blanc Space
- Multi-Level Governance
- Mura Region
- Non-Central Governmants (NCGs) in International Relations
- Nordic Cooperation
- Nouvelle Aquitaine Euskadi Navarre Euroregion
- Novohrad-Nógrad
- Øresund/Greater Copenhagen Region
- Outermost Regions
- People-to-People Projects
- Phantom Borders
- Poland
- Polish-Russian Border Region
- Polish-Ukrainian Border
- Pons Danubii
- Portugal
- Pyrenees-Mediterranean Euroregion
- Rába-Danube-Váh
- Regio Basiliensis/Regio TriRhena
- Regio Insubrica
- Regional Groupings in Europe
- Regional Language
- Regionalism
- Regions of the Southwestern Europe (RESOE)
- Research, Development & Innovation
- Rhine-Meuse North Euregion
- Romania
- Schengen Area
- Secondary Foreign Policy
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Sønderjylland-Schleswig
- Spain
- Spatial Planning
- Sports
- Straits as Cross-Border Territories
- Subsidiarity
- Sweden
- Switzerland and Cross-Border Cooperation
- Switzerland and European Integration
- Territorial Diplomacy
- Territorial Singularities
- Tisza
- Tourism
- Town-Twinning
- Transfrontier Euro-Institut Network (TEIN)
- Trans-Jura Conference
- Transnational Cooperation (TNC)
- Transport
- Trinational Eurodistrict of Basel
- TRITIA
- Tyrol – South Tyrol – Trentino Euroregion
- United Kingdom
- Upper Rhine Region
- Via Carpatia
- West-Vlaanderen/Flandre-Dunkerque-Côte d’Opale
- Working Community of the Pyrenees
- Youth
- ZASNET
- Afterword
- Index
- Series index
Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA)
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Extract
The Instrument for Pre-Accession (IPA) is an instrument of the European Union (EU) designed to facilitate cross-border cooperation across its external borders. It is intended for candidate countries which are seeking to accede to the EU in the short or medium-term and therefore relates to borders that will in time become internal.
The Poland and Hungary Assistance for Restructuring of the Economy (PHARE) program was designed to provide aid for the transition of the countries of central and eastern Europe following the end of the Cold War (with the dismantling of the Iron Curtain), and from 1994, it became an instrument of the pre-accession strategy for these countries. The objective ←538 | 539→was in one sense economic, since it was a question of facilitating the transition from a planned economy to a capitalist economy; but it was also political, since it involved promoting the emergence of democratic regimes based on the rule of law. All the countries that joined the EU between 2004 and 2013 received aid (with the exception of Malta and Cyprus).
In 2000, PHARE was converted into an integrated pre-accession program, with the 2004 enlargement in mind. In this context, it was supplemented by two new instruments: the Structural Instrument for Pre-accession (ISPA) and the Special Accession Program for Agricultural and Rural Development (SAPARD). The former was designed to prepare the candidate countries to manage especially the European Regional Policy, while the latter was to prepare them for the...
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Or login to access all content.- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the editors
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Editors
- Authors
- Welcome Address
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Articles
- Aachen Treaty
- Agriculture and Rural Development
- Alzette-Belval
- Andorra
- Arrabona
- Assemblage
- Association of European Border Regions (AEBR)
- Austria
- Balkans
- Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
- Banat-Triplex Confinium (BTC)
- Bayonne-San Sebastián Basque Eurocity
- Benelux States: Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands
- Bi- and Multi-Lateral Treaties for Cross-Border Cooperation
- Border/Boundary/Frontier
- Border and Memory
- Border and Migration
- Border Discontinuities
- Border Disputes in Europe
- Border Obstacles
- Border Region
- Border Resource
- Border Security in Europe
- Border Studies
- Borderities
- Borderscapes
- Bulgaria
- Carpathian Euroregion
- Central European Service for Cross-Border Initiatives (CESCI)
- Centrope Territory Euroregion
- Channel Arc
- Cieszyn/Czech Cieszyn (Český Těšín)
- Citizens’ Engagement in Cross-Border Regions
- Cohesion
- Committee of the Regions
- Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe
- Cooperation Forums
- Council of Europe and Cross-Border Cooperation
- Croatia
- Cross-Border Actors
- Cross-Border Conurbations
- Cross-Border Cooperation
- Cross-Border Economic Cooperation
- Cross-Border Governance
- Cross-Border Identity
- Cross-Border Impact Assessment
- Cross-Border Integration
- Cross-Border Labour Mobility
- Cross-Border Maritime Cooperation
- Cross-Border Mediation
- Cross-Border Metropolitan Region
- Cross-Border Project
- Cross-Border Review
- Cross-Border Spatial Planning
- Cross-Border Territories
- Cross-Border Workers
- Cross-Border Working Communities
- Culture and Interculturality
- Cyprus
- Czech-German-Austrian Border
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Dublin System for Asylum Seekers
- Eastern Partnership
- Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
- Employment
- Ems Dollart Region
- Energy
- Environment
- Euregio (Gronau)
- EuRegion West/Nyugat Pannonia
- EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg
- Eurocities on the Spanish-Portuguese Border
- Eurocity Guben-Gubin
- Eurodistrict (Forms)
- Eurodistrict of Catalan Cross-Border Space
- Eurodistrict Pamina
- Eurodistrict SaarMoselle
- Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau
- Euro-Institut
- Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrjik-Tournai
- European City Görlitz-Zgorzelec
- European Community (EC)/European Union (EU) and Cross-Border Cooperation
- European Cross-Border Convention (ECBC)
- European Development Pole Longwy
- European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC)
- European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)
- European Territorial Cooperation (ETC)
- Euroregion (Concept)
- Euroregion (Overview)
- Euroregion Alentejo-Algarve-Andalucia (EuroAAA)
- Euroregion Alentejo-Centro-Extremadura (EUROACE)
- Euroregion Baltic
- Euroregion Beskydy
- Euroregion Cieszyn Silesia
- Euroregion Danube-Kriş-Mureş-Tisa (DKMT)
- Euroregion EuroBalkans
- Euroregion Galicia-Região Norte
- Euroregion Glacensis
- Euroregion Ipel’- Ipoly
- Euroregion Krušnohoří/Erzgebirge
- Euroregion Meuse-Rhine
- Euroregion Nisa-Nysa-Neisse
- Euroregion Nišava
- Euroregion Pomerania
- Euroregion Pomoraví/Weinviertel/Záhorie
- Euroregion Pradziad/Praděd
- Euroregion Pro Europa Viadrina
- Euroregion Rhine-Waal
- Euroregion Sajó-Rima/Slaná-Rimava
- Euroregion Silesia
- Euroregion Siret–Prut–Nistru
- Euroregion Spree-Neisse-Bober
- Euroscepticism in Cross-Border Regions
- EU Strategy for the Adriatic-Ionian Region (EUSAIR)
- EU Strategy for the Alpine Macro-Region (EUSALP)
- EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR)
- EU Strategy for the Danube Macro-Region (EUSDR)
- Finland
- France
- Frankfurt-Słubice
- French-Belgian Border
- Frontex
- Geopolitics of Borders
- Germany
- Gorizia – Nova Gorica
- Greater Geneva – le Grand Genève
- Greater Region
- Greece
- Health
- High Rhine Commission
- Hospital of Cerdanya
- Hungary
- Imatra – Svetogorsk
- Infobest
- Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA)
- Interreg
- Interregional Cooperation
- Ireland
- Irish Border Region
- Ister-Granum
- Italian-French Land Border
- Italy
- Lake Constance Region (Bodensee)
- Legal Tools of Cross-Border Cooperation
- Macro-Regional Strategies and Sea Basin Strategies
- Madrid Outline Convention
- Malta
- Media
- Mission opérationnelle transfrontalière (MOT)
- Monitoring (Observation)
- Mont-Blanc Space
- Multi-Level Governance
- Mura Region
- Non-Central Governmants (NCGs) in International Relations
- Nordic Cooperation
- Nouvelle Aquitaine Euskadi Navarre Euroregion
- Novohrad-Nógrad
- Øresund/Greater Copenhagen Region
- Outermost Regions
- People-to-People Projects
- Phantom Borders
- Poland
- Polish-Russian Border Region
- Polish-Ukrainian Border
- Pons Danubii
- Portugal
- Pyrenees-Mediterranean Euroregion
- Rába-Danube-Váh
- Regio Basiliensis/Regio TriRhena
- Regio Insubrica
- Regional Groupings in Europe
- Regional Language
- Regionalism
- Regions of the Southwestern Europe (RESOE)
- Research, Development & Innovation
- Rhine-Meuse North Euregion
- Romania
- Schengen Area
- Secondary Foreign Policy
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Sønderjylland-Schleswig
- Spain
- Spatial Planning
- Sports
- Straits as Cross-Border Territories
- Subsidiarity
- Sweden
- Switzerland and Cross-Border Cooperation
- Switzerland and European Integration
- Territorial Diplomacy
- Territorial Singularities
- Tisza
- Tourism
- Town-Twinning
- Transfrontier Euro-Institut Network (TEIN)
- Trans-Jura Conference
- Transnational Cooperation (TNC)
- Transport
- Trinational Eurodistrict of Basel
- TRITIA
- Tyrol – South Tyrol – Trentino Euroregion
- United Kingdom
- Upper Rhine Region
- Via Carpatia
- West-Vlaanderen/Flandre-Dunkerque-Côte d’Opale
- Working Community of the Pyrenees
- Youth
- ZASNET
- Afterword
- Index
- Series index