European Parties and the European Integration Process, 1945–1992
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Edited By Lucia Bonfreschi, Giovanni Orsina and Antonio Varsori
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- 978-3-0352-9825-3
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- Bruxelles, Bern, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, New York, Oxford, Wien, 2015. 420 pp., 2 graphs, 1 table
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Acronyms
- Introduction
- Part I: The Left Wing Parties
- SPD and European Integration. From scepticism to pragmatism, from pragmatism to leadership, 1949-1979
- The impossible Third Force. Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
- A Socialist Europe? Democratic Socialist Party Ideas and the Process of European Integration 1960-1973
- The Dutch Labour Party in the 1970s. Calling for European integration with a human face
- The Europeanism of the PSOE from the Anti-Francoist Choice to the Social Democratic Transformation of the Party (1977-1992)
- In Search of Supranational Cooperation. The Socialist Group in the European Parliament and the EEC’s Southern Enlargement
- ‘Westpolitik’. Eurocommunism, and the Evolution of the Western European Communists’ Positions toward European Integration
- The PCI and the European Integration from Eurocommunism to Berlinguer’s death
- Political History of a Cultural Heritage. The Ex-“Azionisti” and the Idea of Europe in Italian Political Parties
- Part II: The Centre And Right-Wing Parties
- “Our sole commitment is to negotiate; no more, no less”. The Conservative Party and Britain’s Entry into the EEC
- The Gaullist Party and Europe. Political Divisions and Strategies for the Reacquisition of Power, 1976-1992
- The French centrists and the European elections of 1979-1989. Playing the “European card” to avoid bipartisanship?
- “From Mistrust to Cooperation”. Relations between the Christian Democratic and Conservative Parties at the European Level in the 1970s-1990s
- Internationalism and Europeanism in the Ideology of European Liberalism, 1945-1989
- Transnational Cooperation of Liberal Parties in Europe, 1945-1976
- Euroright. The Extreme Right in the European Integration Process, 1979-1989
- PART III: Case Studies
- “Europe” as a “Hothouse” for Dutch Domestic Politics, 1948-1967
- Nationalism and Europeanism. Political Catalanism and the Spain-Europe Relationship, 1949-1986
- The Celtic Tiger Prepares to Roar. Irish Parties, Leaders and European Integration, 1961-1992
- Central European émigré Party and the European integration
- The Genesis of a Supranational Representation. The Formation of Political Groups at the Common Assembly of the ECSC, 1952-1958
- Notes on contributors
- Series Index
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Acronyms
- Introduction
- Part I: The Left Wing Parties
- SPD and European Integration. From scepticism to pragmatism, from pragmatism to leadership, 1949-1979
- The impossible Third Force. Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
- A Socialist Europe? Democratic Socialist Party Ideas and the Process of European Integration 1960-1973
- The Dutch Labour Party in the 1970s. Calling for European integration with a human face
- The Europeanism of the PSOE from the Anti-Francoist Choice to the Social Democratic Transformation of the Party (1977-1992)
- In Search of Supranational Cooperation. The Socialist Group in the European Parliament and the EEC’s Southern Enlargement
- ‘Westpolitik’. Eurocommunism, and the Evolution of the Western European Communists’ Positions toward European Integration
- The PCI and the European Integration from Eurocommunism to Berlinguer’s death
- Political History of a Cultural Heritage. The Ex-“Azionisti” and the Idea of Europe in Italian Political Parties
- Part II: The Centre And Right-Wing Parties
- “Our sole commitment is to negotiate; no more, no less”. The Conservative Party and Britain’s Entry into the EEC
- The Gaullist Party and Europe. Political Divisions and Strategies for the Reacquisition of Power, 1976-1992
- The French centrists and the European elections of 1979-1989. Playing the “European card” to avoid bipartisanship?
- “From Mistrust to Cooperation”. Relations between the Christian Democratic and Conservative Parties at the European Level in the 1970s-1990s
- Internationalism and Europeanism in the Ideology of European Liberalism, 1945-1989
- Transnational Cooperation of Liberal Parties in Europe, 1945-1976
- Euroright. The Extreme Right in the European Integration Process, 1979-1989
- PART III: Case Studies
- “Europe” as a “Hothouse” for Dutch Domestic Politics, 1948-1967
- Nationalism and Europeanism. Political Catalanism and the Spain-Europe Relationship, 1949-1986
- The Celtic Tiger Prepares to Roar. Irish Parties, Leaders and European Integration, 1961-1992
- Central European émigré Party and the European integration
- The Genesis of a Supranational Representation. The Formation of Political Groups at the Common Assembly of the ECSC, 1952-1958
- Notes on contributors
- Series Index
The impossible Third Force. Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
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Extract
The impossible Third Force
Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
Christine VODOVAR
Assistant professor, Luiss-Guido Carli University, Rome
Introduction
Among European political families, the Socialist one is not the most Europeanist. Some of its members, like the Labour Party, have remained particularly reluctant. Even if we consider the most Europeanist among them, like the French or some of the Italians, who are the protagonists of this essay, they have often appeared more hesitant than other political families. However, at the same time, Europe is present in their theoretical reflections, programmatic formulations and commitments and it is indisputable that Europeanism must be considered, from its turning point in the 1950s, a specific feature of their political culture; if by political culture we mean a system of representations, standards and values, internalised by a group or a party and which is the basis for its mobilisation.1
What are the reasons for this ambiguity? Why is mobilisation in favour of Europe not evident and complex? Was it due mainly to international and national constraints or was there some kind of cultural or ideological reluctance?
It is well known that the international context is a decisive condition of the Socialist’s attitude towards Europe. No European political family was as affected by the division of the world into two antagonistic blocks as the socialists. As they did not identify either with Anglo-Saxon Liberalism or with Soviet communism, Socialists would have...
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Or login to access all content.- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Acronyms
- Introduction
- Part I: The Left Wing Parties
- SPD and European Integration. From scepticism to pragmatism, from pragmatism to leadership, 1949-1979
- The impossible Third Force. Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
- A Socialist Europe? Democratic Socialist Party Ideas and the Process of European Integration 1960-1973
- The Dutch Labour Party in the 1970s. Calling for European integration with a human face
- The Europeanism of the PSOE from the Anti-Francoist Choice to the Social Democratic Transformation of the Party (1977-1992)
- In Search of Supranational Cooperation. The Socialist Group in the European Parliament and the EEC’s Southern Enlargement
- ‘Westpolitik’. Eurocommunism, and the Evolution of the Western European Communists’ Positions toward European Integration
- The PCI and the European Integration from Eurocommunism to Berlinguer’s death
- Political History of a Cultural Heritage. The Ex-“Azionisti” and the Idea of Europe in Italian Political Parties
- Part II: The Centre And Right-Wing Parties
- “Our sole commitment is to negotiate; no more, no less”. The Conservative Party and Britain’s Entry into the EEC
- The Gaullist Party and Europe. Political Divisions and Strategies for the Reacquisition of Power, 1976-1992
- The French centrists and the European elections of 1979-1989. Playing the “European card” to avoid bipartisanship?
- “From Mistrust to Cooperation”. Relations between the Christian Democratic and Conservative Parties at the European Level in the 1970s-1990s
- Internationalism and Europeanism in the Ideology of European Liberalism, 1945-1989
- Transnational Cooperation of Liberal Parties in Europe, 1945-1976
- Euroright. The Extreme Right in the European Integration Process, 1979-1989
- PART III: Case Studies
- “Europe” as a “Hothouse” for Dutch Domestic Politics, 1948-1967
- Nationalism and Europeanism. Political Catalanism and the Spain-Europe Relationship, 1949-1986
- The Celtic Tiger Prepares to Roar. Irish Parties, Leaders and European Integration, 1961-1992
- Central European émigré Party and the European integration
- The Genesis of a Supranational Representation. The Formation of Political Groups at the Common Assembly of the ECSC, 1952-1958
- Notes on contributors
- Series Index
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- About the author
- About the book
- This eBook can be cited
- Contents
- Acronyms
- Introduction
- Part I: The Left Wing Parties
- SPD and European Integration. From scepticism to pragmatism, from pragmatism to leadership, 1949-1979
- The impossible Third Force. Italian and French socialism and Europe, 1943-1963
- A Socialist Europe? Democratic Socialist Party Ideas and the Process of European Integration 1960-1973
- The Dutch Labour Party in the 1970s. Calling for European integration with a human face
- The Europeanism of the PSOE from the Anti-Francoist Choice to the Social Democratic Transformation of the Party (1977-1992)
- In Search of Supranational Cooperation. The Socialist Group in the European Parliament and the EEC’s Southern Enlargement
- ‘Westpolitik’. Eurocommunism, and the Evolution of the Western European Communists’ Positions toward European Integration
- The PCI and the European Integration from Eurocommunism to Berlinguer’s death
- Political History of a Cultural Heritage. The Ex-“Azionisti” and the Idea of Europe in Italian Political Parties
- Part II: The Centre And Right-Wing Parties
- “Our sole commitment is to negotiate; no more, no less”. The Conservative Party and Britain’s Entry into the EEC
- The Gaullist Party and Europe. Political Divisions and Strategies for the Reacquisition of Power, 1976-1992
- The French centrists and the European elections of 1979-1989. Playing the “European card” to avoid bipartisanship?
- “From Mistrust to Cooperation”. Relations between the Christian Democratic and Conservative Parties at the European Level in the 1970s-1990s
- Internationalism and Europeanism in the Ideology of European Liberalism, 1945-1989
- Transnational Cooperation of Liberal Parties in Europe, 1945-1976
- Euroright. The Extreme Right in the European Integration Process, 1979-1989
- PART III: Case Studies
- “Europe” as a “Hothouse” for Dutch Domestic Politics, 1948-1967
- Nationalism and Europeanism. Political Catalanism and the Spain-Europe Relationship, 1949-1986
- The Celtic Tiger Prepares to Roar. Irish Parties, Leaders and European Integration, 1961-1992
- Central European émigré Party and the European integration
- The Genesis of a Supranational Representation. The Formation of Political Groups at the Common Assembly of the ECSC, 1952-1958
- Notes on contributors
- Series Index